"The Akwa Ibom Project involves attitudinal re-orientation;
cultivation of a positive mindset; instilling self-confidence through massive empowerment
of our people; and the inculcation of the moral values of hard work, courage, honesty,
service and pragmatic peaceful co-existence"
- Akpabio
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Akwa Ibom State is located in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. It has a population
of 3,920,208 and a land area of 6,900 sq Km. It is located between latitudes 4o
31’ and 5o 53’ north and longitudes 7o 25’ and 8o 25’ east. It comprises 31 kocal
government areas. Uyo is state capial. Major urban centres include Uyo, Eket, Ikot
Ekpene, Abak, Ikot Abasi and Oron.
major ethnic groups are Ibibio, Anang, Oron, Eket, and Mbo. The vegetation is characterised
by three easily distinguishable types namely the saline water swamp forest, the
fresh water swamp and the rain forest
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Societal Structure
Over the years and armed with the intrinsic philosophy of promoting constructive
societies and the ideology of self- determination Akwa Ibom ethnic groups have collectively
metamorphosed into a fraternal benefit society that operates at many levels; within
the state, nationally and globally. These societies started as Ibibio Stete Union formed
in 1928, even before Akwa Ibom was created.
Generally, these benefit societies promote the ideal of service as the basis of
enterprise, encourage high ethical standards in business and the professions, good
citizenship, good government, and an active interest in civic service, local community
projects ranging from fund-raising drives, building
schools, providing water
supply, to equipping hospitals.
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Ethnic Stability
With heavy "free borrowing" and modernisation of cultural elements through western
influence, there has never been reported strife among the people and the common
denominator of cultures and ethnicity remain intact. This is due to the fact that
Akwa Ibom ethnic groups support pluralism which generally makes for a combination
of toleration and interdependence as well as a tradition that expunges separatism
and cultures that promote interdependence.
Ethnic stability of the Akwa Ibom people have made it possible for citizens of neigbouring
states to voluntarily relocate and adopt its language and cultural practices and
enjoy the serenity of the state. Ethnic strife is further made difficult as the
various ethnic groups at one time or the other have been cooperators in education
or infrastructure development and therefore are co-owners of these resources.
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Language
The people of Akwa Ibom State are blessed with language similarities . Even with
minor dialectical differences there are still some common denominators in all languages
spoken.
Akwa Ibom language is expressive of feelings. The people of the hinterland speak
Ibibio or Annang and they generally understand themselves, while those in the coastal
areas speak Oron, Ibeno, and Eket. The people, being moulded by a shared vision
occasionally come together for the common good. At such functions, local languages
are freely spoken and such gatherings are cheered with shouts of "Akwa Ibom Isongo"
by anyone having an opportunity to address the people, meaning people of Akwa Ibom
State be strong. This awakens the spirit of oneness among the people. However, cultural
modernisation has promoted English as the official language spoken in government
circles and in public functions.
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Religion
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Spoken Languages
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The Akwa Ibom people being migrants have passed through challenging experiences
in their sojourning, generally they tend to recognise that which is awesome and
appealing, fearful and attractive and commanding of wonder, awe, and reverence.
The exposure of traditional indigenous religion to western culture has given way
to acculturation. Traditional religion of Akwa Ibom, never being a documented practice,
means that authority of traditional religious sages has waned, group dynamics do
not impose one religion over another on citizens.
The people believe in monotheism, their sense of worship is to one God. Typically,
it is common belief that reality is not restricted to sense experience alone. The
people are generally free to belong to any religion to which they share a common
belief with its leader. Hence, many AkwaIbomites, from their days of migration,
openly welcomed Christianity from its inception in Calabar.
They have used the platform of religion to ethnically close divides amongst them
by ending forms of taboos that were against the interest of the people, such as
human sacrifice.
As of now the major religions are Christianity, with many churches like the Roman
Catholic Church, and Protestants being accepted. Pentecostalism has also penetrated
many members of these orthodox churches as they seek deeper experiences.
Traditional religion places of worship has today become museum monuments as the
lineage of leaders and worshippers have abandoned most of these institutions for
want of successors. Most surviving traditional religion shrines are at their verge
of going underground as people have moved and sometimes consider the shrines, its
leaders and worshippers as derelicts.
Yet in some traditional functions, such as traditional marriages, some family meetings,
and community functions libation is poured for the spirit of the ancestors. Also
in public addresses, reference is sometimes made to ancestral spirits. These signify
that with some people of Akwa Ibom there is still a form of somewhat less significant
traditional pagan worship. However, individuals often regard participation in such
gatherings as religiously optional and most times do not participate in such worship
where it conflicts with their tenets.
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There are 20 languages spoken as first languages in Akwa Ibom State. The major languages
are Anaang, Ibibio and Igbo. The other languages are minority languages.
ANAANG |
Ikot Ekpene, Essien-Udim, Abak, Ukanafun, and Oruk-Anam LGA's |
EBUGHU |
Mbo and Oron LGA's |
EFAI |
Mbo LGA |
EKIT |
Uquo Ibeno and Eket LGA's |
ENWANG |
Mbo LGA |
ETEBI |
Uquo Ibeno LGA |
IBIBIO |
Itu, Uyo, Etinan, Ikot Abasi, Ikono, Ekpe-Atai, Uruan, Onna, Nsit-Ubium, and Mkpat Enin LGA's. |
IBINO |
Uquo-Ibeno LGA |
IBUORO |
Itu and Ikono LGA's |
IDERE |
Itu LGA |
IGBO |
Ika LGA |
IKA |
Ika LGA |
IKO |
Ikot Abasi LGA |
ILUE |
Oron LGA |
ITU MBON UZO |
Ikono and Itu LGAs |
NKARI |
Ikono LGA |
OBOLO |
Ikot Abasi LGA |
OKOBO |
Okobo LGA |
ORO |
Oron LGA |
UDA |
Mbo LGA |
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